Hanming Sun

The debt ceiling in the United States, created in 1917, was founded on the principle of controlling the U.S. debt accrual and government spending. As one of a few countries that have a debt ceiling, there is constant and ongoing discourse regarding the debt ceiling’s true impact on the economy. Over the past century, even with the deterrent of the debt ceiling, the U.S. government is continuously running a deficit that is increasing by trillions each year. Because of this enormous expenditure, this has prompted repeated attempts to avoid default, renderi...

The Universal Guidelines for AI (UGAI), authored in 2018, was hailed at the time as a needed push for the recognition of rights of all individuals in a world of advancing and continuous AI. In the five years since, many of the principles in the UGAI have been adopted into national law and global forums and frameworks regarding AI governance. Principles of the UGAI have been implemented in the European Union’s landmark AI Act, as well as the White House’s blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights, which is expected to be released as an executive order in winter ...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a global concern with diverse stakeholders worldwide, ranging from governments using AI for benign or harmful purposes to multinational tech companies pursuing AI dominance. Amid this complex landscape, ethical concerns related to human rights, privacy, and sustainability often go unaddressed. To tackle these challenges, there's a pressing need for a global framework and collaborative body for AI governance. The United Nations is working toward establishing a multi-stakeholder High-level Advisory Body on Artificial Intelli...

The up-and-coming technological development that will define the next few centuries of scientific advancement is not in Artificial Intelligence, but rather our understanding of the sub-atomic: quantum. The quantum revolution leverages new innovative understandings in science theory and engineering capability to create new solutions in diverse spaces from cryptography to physical materials. Quantum computers, which offer the real possibility of replacing classical computers for intensive tasks, have the potential to transform and optimise sectors from agr...

High-speed rail has the potential to revitalize the decaying American passenger rail system and public transit infrastructure at large. However, while other countries have far surpassed America's HSR network, ongoing projects in America face delayed construction, rising costs, legal challenges, and poor support infrastructure. Despite these challenges, HSR still has the potential to revolutionize American transit and revitalize the American economy, offering an alternative to car and air travel, reducing carbon emissions, and connecting vast cities and r...